What do leukotrienes primarily cause in the airways?

Leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators that play a significant role in the pathophysiology of asthma and other allergic conditions. They are produced by various immune cells and contribute to the inflammatory response in the airways. The primary actions of leukotrienes include causing bronchoconstriction, which is a narrowing of the airways, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs. Additionally, they promote inflammation by increasing mucus production and recruiting more inflammatory cells to the airways.

In asthma, this leads to the hallmark symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. The involvement of leukotrienes in bronchoconstriction and inflammation is a well-established aspect of asthma management, and medications such as leukotriene receptor antagonists are often used to counteract these effects, thereby improving asthma control. Other options provided in the question either describe actions that are contrary to the effects of leukotrienes or do not accurately represent their role in the airways.