What does the submucosal layer of the airways contain?

The submucosal layer of the airways is primarily known for its secretory functions. It contains bronchial glands, which play a crucial role in maintaining the moisture and protective mucus lining of the respiratory tract. This mucus is essential for trapping particulates, pathogens, and irritants, thereby helping to keep the air passages clear and protecting lung health.

In addition to bronchial glands, the submucosal layer also comprises other elements, such as blood vessels, which are vital for providing nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and facilitating waste removal. However, the defining characteristic of the submucosal layer in the context of its primary functions is indeed the presence of bronchial glands. These glands are responsible for the secretion of mucus and other substances that aid in the overall function of the respiratory system.

While cartilage provides structural support to the airways and pseudostratified epithelium lines the airways, they are not found specifically in the submucosal layer, thus reinforcing why bronchial glands are the focus within this particular layer of the respiratory system.