What is often the first line treatment for asthma exacerbations?

The first-line treatment for asthma exacerbations is short-acting beta-agonists. These medications are designed to provide rapid relief from acute bronchospasm, which is a sudden tightening of the muscles around the airways that leads to difficulty breathing. Short-acting beta-agonists act quickly, usually within minutes, by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, causing relaxation and dilation of the airways.

Because asthma exacerbations often involve sudden and severe symptoms, the quick action of short-acting beta-agonists makes them the preferred first-line option for immediate relief. They are widely recognized as the go-to treatment in emergency situations, underscoring their importance in the management of asthma exacerbations.

In contrast, long-acting beta-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids, and oral corticosteroids serve different roles in asthma management, focusing more on long-term control and management rather than immediate symptom relief.