What is the risk of using non-selective beta-blockers in asthma management?

Non-selective beta-blockers can exacerbate airway constriction because they block both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. While beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the heart and are involved in heart rate regulation, beta-2 receptors are found in the smooth muscles of the airways and play a crucial role in bronchodilation. When non-selective beta-blockers inhibit these beta-2 receptors, they can lead to increased bronchoconstriction, which is particularly dangerous for individuals with asthma, as it can worsen their symptoms and potentially lead to an asthma attack.

In contrast, the other choices do not directly relate to the primary concern associated with non-selective beta-blockers in asthma management. For example, while insomnia, kidney function, and lethargy are important considerations in various medical contexts, they do not specifically address the significant impact that blocking beta-2 receptors has on airway constriction in asthma patients.